Fluorescent luminaire



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D nnie! 2a #47217 7 ilnited States Patent 3,118,619 FLUQRESCENT LUWAIREEcnairl W. Hurting, South Milwaukee, Wis., assignor to McGraw-EdisonCompany, Milwaukee, Wis, a corporation of Deiaware @riginai appiieationSent. 23. 1957, Ser- No. 685,439, now Patent No. 2,386,699. Divided andthis application Dec. 29, 1958, Ser. No. 786,443

t Claims. ((11. 240-25) This invention relates to fluorescent typeluminaires and more particularly to fluorescent luminaires for streetlighting and the like. This application constitutes a divisionalapplication carved out of our co-pending application, Serial No.685,439, filed September 23, 1957, which matured into Patent No.2,886,699, dated May 12, 1959, and entitled Fluorescent Luminaire.

Fluorescent lnminaires utilized for lighting highways are generallymounted on a pole and at considerable distance above the ground. In bothinstallation and maintenance, the lineman is working from a ladder orthe like and, hence, ease of original installation, and ease of accessto and handling of all parts of the fluorescent luminaire duringmaintenance is particularly important.

It is an object of this invention to provide a fluorescent luminairewhich is particularly well adapted for easy installation to pole mountedsupporting means by one man standing in an elevated position on a ladderor the like.

It is another object of this invention to provide a novel method or"installation of a fluorescent luminaire wherein the parts may beindividually mounted as separate components, thus, aflording easyinstallation because of the relatively lighter weight of the individualcomponents as compared to the total weight of the luminaire.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a novel method ofmounting a fluorescent luminaire having outer housing means to a polesupport comprising, mounting a portion of the housing upon the supportmeans in an inverted position relative to its normal operating positionupon the support means, then installing several of the components uponthe housing portion prior to rotating the housing to its normaloperating position, thus, the inverted housing afiords a convenient easyplace to rest tools and the like as well as allowing a workman to beworking on top of rather than underneath the luminaire housing whileinstalling the other components and making electrical connections, etc.

it is another object of this invention to provide a fluorescentluminaire having a separate component comprising unitary reflectorassembly including junction block terminals, lamp holders, lamps,reflecting surfaces, all of which may be quickly and easily attachablyand detachably mounted as a unit relative to the rest of the luminairewhen mounted on a pole in an elevated position.

Another object of the invention is to provide a luminaire as above setforth wherein the unitary reflector assembly is hingedly mountedrelative to the rest of the luminaire such that the entire subassemblymay be pivotally swung away therefrom to provide access to electricalconnections, ballast, mounting means, etc., without necessitating theremoval of lamps from the lamp holder thereby reducing breakage of lampsand disturbance of the factory set optical relationships of lamp holdersto reflecting surfaces.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a luminaire assemblywherein the electrical circuits may be conveniently checked withoutnecessitating removal of the lamps from the reflector assembly.

A further object of the invention is to provide a luminaire as set forthabove wherein the reflector assembly "ice is latched into position by amanually operable spring loaded latch means that affords quick easyaccess without the use of tools.

A further object of the invention is to provide in a device of the typeaforementioned, quick attachable and detachable electrical junctionblock means mounted on the reflector subassembly which affords bothspeedy and easy initial wiring as well as repair work all of which maybe done without tools.

A further object of this invention is to provide a reflector assembly asabove described having a particular spacial relationship of lamps whichprovides an even light pattern with a minimum of glare.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a luminaire as abovedescribed having spaced back-to-back parabolic reflecting surfaces whichare connected by an intermediate surface portion, said intermediateconnecting surface portion being of a configuration adapted toconcentrate radiant energy from lamps spaced therebelow in a manner toheat up said lamps to thereby increase the operational efficiency of thelamps when exposed to very cold temperatures and simultaneouslyeliminate hot spots of light below the luminaire.

Another object of the invention is to provide a luminaire for streetlighting and the like which is shallow in height as respect to width,said relationship tending to keep the wind loading of the luminaire at aminimum to reduce the size of support structure for the luminaire.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a reflector assemblyas above described which divides the outer casing of the luminaire intoupper and lower chambers, said reflector assembly being adapted toprevent radiant heat from the lamp sources from impinging upon theballasts located in the upper chambers to thereby not increase thetemperature surrounding the said ballasts.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a lu-minaire asoutlined above that is well adapted for mass manufacture, is easy toassembly and maintain, is pleasing in appearance, has a long field lifeand is otherwise well adapted :for the purposes for which is wasdesigned.

The novel features that are characteristic of the invention are setforth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself,however, both as to its organization and its method of operation,together with additional objects and advantages thereof will best beunderstood by the following description of specific embodiments whenread in connection with accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a side view of a fluorescent luminaire for street lightingpurposes mounted in its normal operative position relative to a pole bysuitable mounting means, a portion or" said view being in section;

PEG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 23 of FIG. 1, themounting pipe being omitted;

FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the reflector assembly with the lampsremoved therefrom, a portion of the electrical circuitry being shown insemi-diagrammatical form;

FIG. 4 is a so called reflection diagram oi the optical characteristicsof the reflector assembly shown in F168. 1-3, inclusive;

FIG. 5 is a pictorial representation of the vertical and horizontallight patterns provided by a luminaire oi the type shown in FEGS. 1-4,inclusive;

FIG. 6 is a semi-diagrammatic view simiiar to FIG. 4 showing areflection diagram for an alternative embodimerit of reflectorconfiguration;

PEG. 7 is a view similar to FEGS. 4 and 6 showing reflection diagram foranother alternative embodiment reflector assembly;

FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 showing a of a reflectiondiagram of an alternative spacial relationship of lamps to each other aswell as to reflector, and in additic-n showing an alternativeconfiguration of reflector surfaces;

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of the junctionblock assembly which is mounted on the reflector assembly, said viewshowing the quick attachable and detachable electric connection means;

FIG. 10 is a bottom plan view of the upper housing shown in FIGS. 1 and2, the reflector assembly, electrical components an globe assembly beingremoved;

11 is a fragmentary sectional view showing a collar assembly whichcoacts with the support means;

P16. 12 is a perspective view showing the upper housing mounted in aninverted position as compared to its normal operating position prior toassembling the other components thereto in the initial installation ofthe luminaire.

Before giving a detailed description of the precise configuration andcooperation of the components of the fluorescent lumina re, a shortenumeration of the major components and the novel method of their fieldassembly shall be described.

The major components of the luminai e are the upper outer housing means14, the detachable globe assembly means 15, the unitary refle torassembly 16 and electrical control means 19'. The total weight of allthe aforementioned components is relatively large and the completeassembly is rather bulky. However, individually the components may bereadily handled by one man.

In order to provide an easy, one man field assembly of the luminaire inan elevated position, a support means 12 is first positioned upon asuitable pole 11 at a predetermined elevated height such as 30 feet orthe like above the street level. The support means 12 is generally fixedat a predetermined angle generally transverse of the street that is tobe lighted. As perhaps best shown in FIGS. 1, l and 12, the supportmeans 12 has an elongated portion 12.: which may take the form of a pipeor the like and a secondary depending supporting portion 12b. Theelectric input leads for the luminaire are preferably brought in throughthe interior of the support means 12.

In order to assemble the components in the field, the housing means 14is formed with an aperture at one end, said aperture being adapted toreceive the elongated portion 12:: of the support means. The housingmeans 14- is preliminarily mounted in the up side down position shown inFIG. 12. A collar 28a which is fixed to the housing means 14 adjacentthe aperture in the housing provides a good suitable bearing for thepipe support 12a at the housing wall. The end of the pipe support 12a isadapted to be positioned in a suitable connecting and leveling means 28as shown in FIGS. and 12. The leveling and connecting means Zll isfixedly attached to the housing means 14 in a manner to be laterdescribed.

After the housing is mounted in the aforesaid up side down position, theelectric input wires 16 are suitably attached to an electrical junctionbox assembly (not shown). The electric control means or ballasts 19 arethen fixedly mounted in the housing while the latter is in theaforementioned inverted position and the electrical connections theretoare then made.

The next step in the field assembly is to hingedly attach the unitaryreflector means to the housing means also while the latter is in theinverted position. The precise method of attachment shall be more fullyexplained hereinafter. The necessary electrical connections to thereflector assembly 16 are then made. The housing means 14 is thenrotated on the elongated support portion 12a and the leveling of theluminaire then takes place. The luminaire is preferably first leveled ina transverse direction, the set screw Zlld of the collar 2% and Zlle ofthe leveling and connecting means 20 both being tightened after thetransverse leveling to fix the luminaire tightly to the support 12a.

Next the end collar 21% of the leveling means 29 is adjusted relative toa fixed plate 2 3C and the bolts 2 1% are tightened to thus providelongitudinal leveling of the luminaire.

The lamps 35 may then be installed in the reflector assembly 16. It isapparent that the lamps could also be installed simultaneously with thereflector assembly. The final step in the field assembly is to mount theoutside globe assembly 15 upon the housing means 14 The reason forwaiting until last on the installation of the lamps and the globeassembly is to reduce the chance of breakage. However, it is to be notedthat the globe assembly also can be easily mounted to the housing means1 prior to the revolving or rotation of the latter if desired. It willalso be noted that all of the mounting of the component pelts except forthe aforementioned lamps and globes,

as well as all of the electrical connections, may be per formed whileworking on top of rather than bel w the component parts. This, ofcourse, is important to an installation man who is working 30 feet or soin the air because if any parts should be dropped they would fall intothe housing as versus falling clear to the ground. Further, it is alwayseasier to work on top of rather than beneath the work pieces.

Inasmuch as high output fluorescent lamp tubes are by nature greatlyelongated, the luminaire tends to become quite bulky. Great care Shouldbe taken to keep the over-all luminaire as shallow as possible to reducewind loading. It should be pointed out that the casing for thelurninaire 16 is relatively shallow in vertical height (represented bythe dimension =B) as compared with the width of the luminaire(represented by the dimension A). This relationship of height to widthis most desirable for reduction in wind resistance. It is further notedthat the outer configuration of the housing and globe assembly as seenin cross section, FIG. 2, has a somewhat streamlined eflfect as tofurther reduce the wind loading upon the support means 12.

Turning now to a more precise description of the parts: The luminaire 10in its final assembly, has an outer hollow casing which protects theinternal portions from the weather. Broadly, the casing comprises twomain parts as aforementioned, the upper housing means 14 and thedetachable globe assembly 15. Intermediate these two casing parts is aunitary reflector assembly 16 which substantially divides the interiorof the elongated hollow casing into two chambers, the upper internalchamber 17 and the lower internal chamber 18. As is apparent, most ofthe electrical components and the adjustable connections of theluminaire to the support means are disposed in the upper chamber 17while the lamps and the reflect- .ing surfaces are disposed in the lowerchamber 18.

The upper housing means 14 comprises a housing member 1 1a which ispreferably made from a single piece of aluminum which is formed into asubstantially shallow inverted elongated cu shaped roof which is adaptedto cover and weather proof the working parts of the luminaire. Theperspective view, FIG. 12, shows the housing means 14 approximately outof normal operating position. The housing means 14 is preferredly maderelatively thin for good heat dissipation purposes. To strengthen thethin housing, supporting ribs. 21., which may be formed of squareextruded aluminum, may be spacedly disposed transversely to the longdimension of the housing. The ribs 21 are formed in a manner to fit theinside of the housing as shown. 1

As shown in F168. 10 and 12, the left end 'of the housing means 14 isformed with an aperture, there being a collar 20a surroundingly mountedto the aperture and suitably fixed to the housing. A set screw 200. ispositioned on the collar for easy access from the open end of thehousing means 14-.

Fixedly attached to the left hand rib, as viewed in FIG. 10, is adownwardly projecting (from operating position of luminaire) plate 20cwhich is formed with a pair of parallel slots 29k and 20p. An end collar20b is formed with threaded apertures spaced the distance of the slots 23p and 29k. A pair of suitable bolts 20 are disposed in said slots andin said apertures for adjustment of the end collar 29b relative to thefixed plate 20c to longitudinally level the luminaire. To keep out bugs,moisture, etc. sealing means 20f such as neoprene, etc., may be disposedin the end collar 2%, the sealing means 20] being suitably pierced toallow the electrical input conductors 13 to extend therethrough as shownin FIG. 2.

Electric control means 1%, known in the art as ballasts, are fixedlydisposed within the upper chamber 17. It is to be noted that theballasts are preferredly fixedly mounted by suitable fastening meanssuch as bolts 19a against the inner surface of the member 14a for heatdissipation purposes. The function of the ballasts and the electricalconnections thereto from the power source connectors 13 are well knownand therefore are not shown and will not be discussed further.

Near the open edges and along the long sides of the inter-ior of thehousing member 14a, are a pair of elongated L-shaped strips of metal 22,one portion of member 22 firmly attached to the housing 14a and theother portion 22:: extending inwandly as shown in FIGS. 2, l and 12. Themembers 22 are disposed on opposite sides of the housing means such thatthe inwardly extending portions 22a face each other as best shown inFIG. 2. Fixedly attached to one of the inwardly extending portions 22aare a plurality of latch tab members 23 which may be suitably andspacedly attached by a screw, bolt or the like as shown on the left handside of FIGS. 2 and '10. The latch means 25 which is mounted upon thetabs 23 will be described later. Substantially opposite from the tabmembers 23 on the opposite inwardly extending portion 22a, i.e., on theright side as viewed in FIG. 2, are a plurality of spaced hinge tabs 24which are configured in a manner to receive a detachable hinge member 34as shall be more thoroughly described hereafter.

Turning now to the detachable globe assembly 15 and the sealing meanstherefor, it is to be pointed out that the globe assembly 15 is hingedlymounted in place relative to the housing means 14 by suitablecombination latch and hinge means 49. The precise configuration of thelatch and hinge means and the sealing means surrounding the globe means15 are more particularly described in a copending application of DonaldW. Harling and Philip B. Clark, filed September 23, 1957, and havingSerial No. 685,438, new Patent 3,092,336 and assigned to the sameassignee as the present invention. For purposes of this disclosure,suflioe it to say that the globe assembly comprises a one pieceelongated cup shape plastic globe member which is detachably hingedlymounted to both sides of the upper luminaire housing 14a such that itmay be swung open from either side for access to the interior of theluminaire 10 as shown in dotted lines in the far right hand side of FIG.2.

Once the globe assembly is hingedly or completely detached relative tothe housing, access is bad to the reflector assembly 16. The reflectorassembly 16 is a unitary assembly in that it may be readily attached anddetached from the housing member 14a as a separate subassernbly as wellas hin edly swung to an open position for access to the upper chamber17. The main components of assembly 16 are the lamp holder means 29,elongated fluorescent type lamps 35, quick attachable and detachableelectric junction block means 30, parabolic reflecting means 31 andstrengthening rib means 32.

Turning now to the separate components, the parabolic reflector means 31may be formed out of a single piece of aluminum, the bottom surfacebeing highly polished, and configured such that a pair of spacedback-to-back parabolic reflecting surfaces 31a and 3117 are formed todirect light from the light sources disposed at the focal point thereoflaterally outwardly of the luminaire in opposite preferred directions.The surfaces 31a and 3111 6 are connected by an intermediate surface 31call of which will be more particularly described in explanation of thereflection diagram.

As perhaps best shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, reflector means 31 may be fixedto and depend from transverse strengthening ribs 32. Any number of typesof fastening means of the ribs 32 to the reflector 31 may be used, onesuch being screws 33. The rib means 32 are generally U-shaped inconfiguration and the side walls of the left end of the rib as viewed inFIG. 3 are preferably formed at 3212 with suitable apertures to receivea cotter pin 34 which serves as a hinge. As shown, any number of ribs 32and hinges 34 may be spaced along the top side of the reflector assembly16. All of the cotter pins 34 coact with the rib apertures 32b and withthe hinge tabs 24 spaced along the open end of the housing means 14 toserve as a convenient quick detachable hinge. It is, thus, apparent thatthe whole assembly 16 may be rotated on the hinge 24, and if desired,the hinges themselves may be removed so as to take the entire reflectorassembly 16 out of the housing 14 so that it may be worked upon on theground and/ or for substitution of a new assembly if that is desired. Asaforementioned, the original field installation is exceedingly simple,merely requiring insertion of the hinge 34 in proper places while thehousing is in the inverted position shown in FIG. 12.

The base portion of the right hand end of the ribs 32 as viewed in FIG.3 may be formed with a pair of slots which are disposed in right anglerelationship to each other. The long slot 32a runs along the longdimension of the ribs 32 and the shorter slot 32c is generallytransverse to the rib. The slots 32a and 320 are designed to cooperatewith the spring loaded manually operable latch means 25 which isattached to latch tab 23.

The latch means 25 is operable to selectively engage and hold thereflector assembly 16 in operative position within the casing when theother end of the ribs 32 are hingedly attached by the cotter pin 34. Thelatch means 25 comprises a latch member having an enlarged ring typehead portion 25, an elongated portion extending through the latch tab23, a suitable coil spring 27 surroundingly mounted to the elongatedportion, and a spring retaining collar 28. The head portion of the latch26 is larger than the rib slot 320 and smaller than slot 32a. Thealternative position of the head portion of the latch means relative tothe rib slots 32a and 32c is shown in dot and dash lines in H6. 2. Itwill be apparent that an operator may pull the latch head portion 26downwardly as viewed in FIG. 2 to rotate the latter so that it willcooperate with the respective desired slots formed in the rib toalternatively latch or unlatch one side of hinge reflector assembly 16to the housing means 14.

Suitable lamp holder means 2% and 2% may be fixedly mounted to each endof the reflector assembly 16 for movement therewith. More particularlylamp holder means 2%, as shown at the bottom of FIG. 3, has a firstupper portion 2?! and 21 depending portion 29c. The portion 2% extendsfor attachment to the rib means 32 by the fastening means 33 and thedepending portion 29c is adapted to mount lamp receiving bases 2d. Inthe particular embodiment described, four lamp bases 290. are disclosedin horizontal alignment and mounted on the depending portion 2% of thelamp holder means.

On the other end of the reflector assembly 16 is the lamp holder means2% having a first mounting portion Zflg and a depending portion 2%. Thedepending portion 2% has corresponding lamp receiving base members 29kmounted in opposed relation to the lamp holders 29d in the usual manner.The lamp holder bases 29k have a spring loaded portion 29k which aid inmounting the lamps 35 in the bases 2?]: and 29d. It is to be noted thatthe lamp bases 29d and 23% are positioned below the reflector surfacesSM, 310 and 31b so that a portion of the reflector surfaces are withinone inch of the outer surface of each lamp when the lamps are installedin the base This is required for good starting of the fluorescent typetubes 35.

As best shown in FIG. 3, quick attachable and detachable junction blockmeans 39a and Sub are fixedly mounted on lamp holder portions 2% and29g, respectively. The junction blocks represent a plurality ofelectrical connectors md insulator blocks which are connected to the resective lamp bases in a manner well understood in the art. Most of theelectrical connections of the junction blocks to the lamp bases 25% and2% as well as from the ballasts it to the blocks Stla and 36b have beenomitted, one circuit only being shown in semidiagrammatic form.

The perspective view, PEG. 9, shows a frictional type of quickattachable and detachable type of electrical connection that ispreferred and which requires no tools in making the connection betweenthe male 38d and female 31% members. The ease of making electricalconnections between th ballasts 19 and the lamps 35 is particularlyimportant when it is considered that the man assembling the luminaire inthe field is standing considerable distance above the ground on a ladderor the like, and, hence, the ease of attachment and disattachmentbecomes particularly important both in original installation and repair.

Returning now to the particular configuration of reflector 31 and tierelative positional relationship of the lamps 35 relative to thereflector 31 and to each other. It will be noted that the reflectormeans 31, as shown in FIG. 4, is so configured as to form opposedback-toback reflector parabolic surfaces 31a and 311'). Each surface 31aand 31!] sends reflected light in a preferred direction as shown byarrows 36 and 37 from lamps 35a and 35d, respectively, disposed at thefocal points of the parabolas. The reflected light from surfaces 31a and31b is, thus reflected outwardly in a lateral direction to throw lightgenerally transversely of the luminaire to light the street.

The parabolic surfaces 31a and 31b are connected by an intermediateconnecting portion 31-: which serves as a heat trap and reduces lighthot spots below the luminaire. It is to be particularly noted that theconnecting area 310 is designed to reflect the light from the sources 35back into themselves and the other light sources rather than to reflectthe light between the light sources and onto the ground. For instance,most of the reflected light from the upper portion of light source 35bwill be reflected in a manner so as to tend to impinge back upon itselfor either upon the next adjacent light such as 35c or upon light source35d. For example arrow 44 represents a light ray directed toward thereflecting surface 31c which returns to source 3512, then is directedoff in greatly reduced intensity as shown by dotted arrow ttla. Theintensity or" the light ray a4 is reduced approximately 15 percent eachtime it impinges upon a reflecting surface. This energy is lost in theform of heat. The same relationship of reflected light is true of theother center light source 35c. It also is to be noted that no bai'flesare interposed between the four lamps 35a to 35d, inclusive and, hence,a certain amount of direct light is impinging upon the adjacent lightsources. As aforementioned, the reason for the configiuration of thecenter interconnecting surface 310 is twofold, one, it eliminatesexcessive hot spots of light immediately below the luminaire and, also,aids in tending to heat up the lamps for good cold weather operation.

While there is a disadvantage to warm weather operation due to thisextra heating effect of the reflected light, the disadvantage is morethan compensated for by the great increase in efliciency during coldweather operation.

It will be noted that the lamps 35:: through 35d are in horizontalalignment and spaced such that a line from the center of each of theindividual sources and tangential to the next adjacent source forms adirect light cutoff plane that is parallel to the preferred directionsestablished by the parabolic surfaces 31a and 31b, respectively.

More particularly a line drawn from the center of lamp a tangential tolamp 35b establishes a plane 41 which is substantially parallel to arrow37 which represents the preferred direction established by reflectingsurface 3112. It will be noted that the cutoif planes established bylamps 35b and 350 relative to lamps 35c and 35a, respectively, whichform planes 42 and 43 are simiar and substantially parallel to the planeestablished by line 41. Conversely, lamp 35d has a cutotf planeestablished by lamp 35c which is parallel to the plane represented bylines 36 which are in the preferred direction established by theparabolic reflecting surface 31a. The same holds true for the cutoflplanes represented by lines 38 and 39 which are established by lamps 35a355 relative to lamp 35b and 350, respectively. it will be apparent thatthis particular relationship of lamps to the lamps to each other and therelationship to the reflector surfaces tend to make a luminaire whichgives a very fine light pattern with minimum of glare as shown by thecandle power distribution curve diagrams shown in PEG. 5.

More particularly the lateral distribution 46 and vertical distributionare illustrative candle power curves of 6-foot lumrin aire, curve 45being taken at through vertical at an ambient temperature of 24centigrade in still air with four cool white fluorescent light tubes andcurve 45 is a vertical distribution through lateral taken under the sameconditions as curve 46.

FIGS. 6-8, inclusive, show alternative reflection diagrams and reflectorconfigurations as well as arrangements of lamps to reflector and eachother all of which produce substantially the same results as set forthwith reflector 31 just described. Similar parts have been marked withsimilar numbers but have been prefixed with different numbers todifferentiate the particular figure involved, i.e., reflecting surface31a of FIG. 4 is denominated 131a in FIG. 6, 231a in FIG. 7 and 331a inFIG. 8, and other similar parts are likewise denominated with the samesystem.

For purposes of clarity the alternative embodiments shown in FIGS. 6-8,inclusive will be discussed in cornparison to PEG. 1, the dilferingrelationships being explained rather than the parts that have the samerelationship. More particularly, FIG. 6 shows a different form ofintermediate connecting surface 1310 which has both a concave and aconvex surface, said intermediate connecting surface 2131c havingsubstantially the same operational relationship to the lamps 135a to135d, inclusive, as reflector portion 310 of FIG. 4 in that portion 1310will tend to reflect a large portion of the light back toward thevarious lamp sources in a manner to heat up same and to prevent adeleterious concentration of light immediately below the luminaire.

FIG. 7 shows a reflector configuration wherein the parabolic reflectingsurfaces 23-111 and 23d!) extend downwardly to the cutoff planes asrepresented by the arrows, the planes represented by arrows 238 and 241establishirlg the furthest downward limit that reflector surface 231amay extend and the planes established by arrows 240 and 243 establish.the funthcst downward limit reflector surface 23lb may extend. Theintermediate connecting surfaces 231a and 2310" as shown are generallycircular in shape and are designed to trap a good deal of the light inthat they reflect the light directly back into the light sources 2335band 235:: for reasons aiforestated.

FIG. 8 shows a slightly different configuration from the foregoing inthat the lamps 33515 and 335C are raised slightly above the horizontalalignment of lamps 335a and 335d. The two outer lamps, namely 335a and335d, are still disposed at the focal points of the parabolic surfaces33112 and 331b, respectively; however, the cutoff plane between lamps3351) and 335a extends in the preferred direction 336 and the cutoffplane between lamps 3352; and 335s relative to each other and 335s tolamp 335d extends in the same direction as preferred direction 337. Onedifference in the reflector 33-1 shown in FIG. 8 is that the cutoffplanes established by the two outer lamps relative to the two innerlamps are not in the preferred direction.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the luminairehereinbefore described and the alternative embodiments thereof areparticularly well adapted for providing good, efiicient street lightingWhile being exceedingly easy to operate and maintain.

Although specific embodiments have been shown and described, it is withfull awareness that many modifiications thereof are possible. Theinvention, therefore, is not to be restricted except insofar as isnecessitated by the prior art and by the spirit of the appended claims.

What is claimed as the invention is:

1. An elongated luminaire, a nominally horizontal elongate pipe support,said luminaire including an elongated housing having a longitudinalaxis, first and second pipe embracing means afiixed to said housing in alongitudinal spaced relation, each of said embracing means rotatablyengaging said pipe so that said housing is rotatable on said pipe aboutan axis substantially parallel to said longitudinal axis, means forclamping each of said embracing means to said pipe so that said housingmay be affixed to said pipe in a predetermined angular position aroundthe longitudinal axis of said housing, one of said embracing means beingadjustably affixed to said housing for movement in a directiontransverse to said axis so that the longitudinal axis of said housingmay be tilted relative to said pipe, whereby said luminaire may beleveled.

2. An elongated luminaire, a nominally horizontal elongate pipe support,said luminaire including an elongated housing having an aperture forentry of said pipe support into said luminaire, collar means fixed tosaid housing and disposed in surrounding relationship to said aperture,a first mounting means disposed within said housing and displaced fromsaid collar means, second mounting means releasably secured to said pipeat a point adjacent said first mounting means and means for adjustablyconnecting said first and second mounting means in a plurality ofrelatively vertical positions whereby said first mounting means may bemoved vertically relative to said second mounting means while saidcollar means remains relatively stationary to afford leveling of saidluminaire housing. i

3. An elongate luminaire, a nominally horizontal elongate pipe support,said luminaire inoludinr an elongate housing having an aperture forentry of said pipe support into said luminaire, a first collarsurrounding sm'd pipe adjacent said aperture, a second collar engagingsaid pipe and being longitudinally displaced from said first collar,

rst and second mounting means for affixing said collars to said housing,one of said mounting means having nominally vertical means for afiixingits associated collar in a plurality of vertical positions relative tosaid housing so that said housing may be tilted vertically, said collarsreleasably engaging said pipe for rotational movement so that saidhousing may be affixed to said pipe in a fixed angular relationship.

4. An elongate l-uminaire, a nominally horizontal elongate pipe support,said luminaire including an elongate housing having an aperture forentry of said pipe support into said luminaire, a supporting rib mountedin said housing and extending transversely of said pipe, a first collarfixed to said housing in surrounding relationship to said aperture, asecond collar engaging said pipe and being longitudinally displaced fromsaid first collar adjacent said supporting rib, said supporting ribhaving nominally vertical slot means for affixing said second collar ina plurality of vertical positions relative to said housing so that thelongitudinal axis of said housing may be tilted vertically, said collarsreleasably engaging said pipe for rotational movement so that saidhousing may be afiixed to said pipe in a fixed angular relationship.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,447,228 Boston Aug. 17, 1948 2,606,998 Winkler et al Aug. 12, 19522,641,687 Akely June 9, 1953 2,731,227 Anderson Jan. 17, 1956 2,838,832Potter June 17, 1958 2,873,519 Milne Feb. 17, 1959

1. AN ELONGATED LUMINAIRE, A NOMINALLY HORIZONTAL ELONGATE PIPE SUPPORT,SAID LUMINAIRE INCLUDING AN ELONGATED HOUSING HAVING A LONGITUDINALAXIS, FIRST AND SECOND PIPE EMBRACING MEANS AFFIXED TO SAID HOUSING IN ALONGITUDINAL SPACED RELATION, EACH OF SAID EMBRACING MEANS ROTATABLYENGAGING SAID PIPE SO THAT SAID HOUSING IS ROTABLE ON SAID PIPE ABOUT ANAXIS SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL TO SAID LONGITUDINAL AXIS, MEANS FORCLAMPING EACH OF SAID EMBRACING MEANS TO SAID PIPE SO THAT SAID HOUSINGMAY BE AFFIXED TO SAID PIPE IN A PREDETERMINED ANGULAR POSITION AROUNDTHE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF SAID HOUSING, ONE OF SAID EMBRACING MEANS BEINGADJUSTABLY AFFIXED TO SAID HOUSING FOR MOVEMENT IN A DIRECTIONTRANSVERSE TO SAID AXIS SO THAT THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF SAID HOUSINGMAY BE TILTED RELATIVE TO SAID PIPE, WHEREBY SAID LUMINAIRE MAY BELEVELED.